Midterml Exam:l NRl 571l NR571l Latestl

Midterml Exam:l NRl 571/l NR571l (Latestl

2026/l 2027l Update)l Complexl Diagnosisl &l Managementl inl Acutel Carel Practicuml Guide|l Q/Al |l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Answers)l -Chamberlain

Q:l Lowl FEV1/FVCl ratiol indicates

Answer:

obstructivel lungl disease Classificationl ofl Pulmonaryl Disordersl Basedl Onl PFT

Restrictivel Lungl Disease

Restrictivel lungl diseasel isl diagnosedl byl al decreasel inl thel totall volumel ofl airl thatl thel lungsl canl hold.l Itl oftenl resultsl froml al decreasel inl thel elasticityl ofl thel lungsl orl mayl bel relatedl tol thel inabilityl ofl thel chestl walll tol expandl duringl inhalation.l Conditionsl thatl

arel associatedl withl restrictivel lungl functionl include:

l interstitiall lungl diseasel suchl asl idiopathicl pulmonaryl fibrosis l sarcoidosis l obesity,l includingl obesityl hypoventilationl syndrome l scoliosis l neuromuscularl diseasesl suchl asl muscularl dystrophyl orl amateurl amyotrophicl laterall sclerosisl (ALS)

Obstructivel Lungl Disease

Obstructivel lungl diseasesl arel conditionsl thatl impedel exhaledl airl froml thel lungsl duel tol thel narrowingl ofl thel airwaysl orl actuall damagel tol thel lungl parenchyma.l Conditionsl

associatedl withl obstructivel lungl functionl include:

l asthma 1 / 4

l chronicl obstructivel pulmonaryl diseasel (COPD) l cysticl fibrosis l bronchiectasis

Diagnosticl Approach

Thel provider'sl abilityl tol accuratelyl interpretl PFTsl doesl improvel withl experiencel butl isl bestl performedl whenl al systematicl approachl isl used.

Al systematicl approachl isl helpfull tol accuratelyl interpretl PFTsl andl includesl thel followingl

steps:

l Determinel ifl thel FEV1/FVCl ratiol isl low.l Thisl findingl willl indicatel thatl therel isl anl obstructivel defectl present.l Determinel ifl thel FVCl isl low.l Thisl findingl willl indicatel al restrictivel patternl indicatingl restrictivel lungl disease,l al mixedl pattern,l orl purel obstructivel lungl diseasel withl airl trapping.l Gradel thel severityl ofl thel abnormality.l Ifl therel isl anl obstructivel defect,l restrictivel pattern,l orl mixl pattern,l youl shouldl gradel thel severityl ofl thel abnormalityl basedl onl thel FEV1l percentagel predictedl basedl onl thel Americanl Thoracicl Society'sl (ATS)l systeml for

Q:l Lowl FEV1/FVCl ratiol indicates

Answer:

obstructivel lungl disease

Q:l Lowl FVCl indicates

Answer:

restrictivel pulmonaryl disease,l al mixedl pattern,l orl purel obstructivel lungl diseasel withl airl trapping

Q:l Americanl thoracicl society'sl (ATS)l systeml forl gradingl PFTl abnormalities

Answer: 2 / 4

Ifl therel isl anl obstructivel defect,l restrictivel pattern,l orl mixedl pattern,l youl shouldl gradel thel severityl ofl thel abnormalityl basedl onl thel FEV1l %l predictedl basedl onl ATS'sl system

Q:l Determinel thel reversibilityl ofl obstructivel defectl by

Answer:

Thel increasel inl FEV1l orl FVCl afterl bronchodilatorl treatment.Ifl FEVl orl FEV1l increasesl byl 12%,l obstructivel patternl isl reversible.

Q:l PFTsl pre-procedure

Answer:

Ifl thel patientl hasl underlyingl chronicl respiratoryl disorders,l suchl asl COPDl orl moderatel tol severel asthma Purposel tol evaluatel thel needl additionall respiratoryl supportl orl designl treatmentl planl forl patientl whol mayl needl mechanicall ventilation.

Q:l Obstructivel PFTs

Answer:

Characterizedl byl lowl FEV1/FVCl ratio.l <70%

Q:l Restrictivel PFTs

Answer:

Reducedl FEV1l andl FVCl withl preservedl FEV1/FVCl ratio

Q:l Bronchoprovocationl testing

Answer:

Usedl whenl exercisel orl allergenl inducedl asthmal mayl bel causingl thel abnormality.l Ifl FEV1l <70%l predictedl onl Spirometry,l thisl testl usesl methacholinel orl mannitoll inhalationl challengel tol confirm. 3 / 4

Q:l GOLDl gradingl system

Answer:

Usedl tol assessl severityl ofl COPDl (thel diseasel notl thel exacerbation) Global-initiativel Obstructivel Lungl Diseasel (GOLD) Basedl onl symptoms,l numberl ofl exacerbations,l COPD-relatedl hospitalizations,l andl Spirometryl results

Q:l COPDl diagnosis

Answer:

FEV1/FVCl ratiol

Q:l COPDl treatment

Answer:

Longl actingl B2l agonistl (LABA),l long,l acting,l antimuscarinicl agentl (LAMA),l inhaledl corticosteroidsl (ICS),l systemicl corticosteroids,l antibioticsl whenl signsl ofl bacteriall infectionl exist.l Shortl actingl betal agonistsl (SABA)l withl orl withoutl shortl actingl anticholinergics.

Q:l Mildl tol moderatel asthma

Answer:

Talksl andl phrases,l prefersl tol sitl ratherl thanl lyingl down,l notl agitated,l nol accessoryl musclel use,l heartl ratel 100l tol 120,l O2l saturationl 90l tol 95%l onl rooml air.l >l 50%l ofl predictedl orl personall best

Q:l Severel asthma

Answer:

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