Multiple Sclerosis Practice Questions

Multiple Sclerosis Practice Questions

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Students also studied Terms in this set (48) Duke UniversityNURSING 395 Save Multiple Sclerosis Practice Question...19 terms martina_hughes Preview Guillain-Barré Syndrome NCLEX Re...12 terms SMathews926Preview NCLEX Questions Parkinson Disease...20 terms SMathews926Preview Multipl 41 terms tfai Which of the following statements made by a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) would alert the healthcare provider that the patient requires additional instruction about the disease? Select all that apply.

• "A hot bath in the evenings will help relax my muscles

and relieve pain."

• "I will avoid foods that are high in fiber to prevent

problems with my bowels."

• "It's important for me to inspect my skin daily make sure

there aren't any injuries."

• "Use of stress reduction strategies can decrease the

severity of my symptoms." 1,2 The patient should be taught about factors that can exacerbate symptoms, such as heat and stress. In addition, the patient is at risk for burns due to impaired peripheral sensation, so bathing temperatures should be carefully monitored.

The healthcare provider is teaching a group of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) about common bladder problems. Which of the following will the healthcare provider include? Select all that apply.

• "Drinking caffeinated beverages can help you empty

your bladder completely."

• "MS may cause the bladder to contract and empty

more often than usual."

• "You should not attempt to urinate until you feel that

your bladder is full."

• "Drink 1.5 - 2 liters of water each day so your urine isn't

too concentrated."

• "Drinking lots of citrus juices will decrease the amount

of bacteria in your urinary tract."

• "Patients with MS are at increased risk of developing

urinary tract infections."

2, 4, 6

MS heightens a patient's risk of urinary tract infections. Patients should plan to void on a regular basis. Voiding at least every 2 hours will decrease urine stasis.When assessing a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), which of the following would require immediate action by the healthcare provider?1) Fatigue and depression 2) Paresthesia and tremor 3) Nystagmus and diplopia 4) Dysphagia and congested cough 4 These are all signs and symptoms of MS, but some can be more serious than others. Select the clinical manifestations of MS that may result in a serious secondary problem for the patient.Dysphagia puts the patient at risk for aspiration pneumonia, and the congested cough is an indication that aspiration has already occurred.The healthcare provider is planning care for a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following is the priority intervention?1) Advise the patient to drink liquids through a straw 2) Monitor the patient's temperature to avoid overheating 3) Teach the patient's family how to meet the patient's needs 4) Encourage bed rest in order to conserve strength 1 Problems related to dysphagia (such as aspiration) can be minimized if the patient drinks liquids through a straw. Sensitivity to heat is a concern with MS, but monitoring the patient's temperature is not necessary.The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) states, "I don't understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it genetic?" On which statement should the nurse base the response?

• Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the

disease may be caused by a virus.

• There is no evidence suggesting there is any

chromosomal involvement in developing MS.

• Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so

both parents had to have the gene for the client to get MS.

• Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant

gene on the Y chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on.

1.The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow virus is partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may also beat fault.A genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X may be involved.

• There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in

developing MS.

• A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive or

dominant.

• The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.

The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision which has occurred two(2) times in the month. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client?

• "Have you experienced any difficulty with your

menstrual cycle?"

• "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your

nose?"

• "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems

swallowing?"

• "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent

conception?" 3.These are clinical manifestation of MS and can go un diagnosed for years be- cause of the remitting-relapsing nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty swallowing are other symptoms of MS.

• MS does not affect the menstrual cycle.
• A rash across the bridge of the nose suggests systemic lupus erythematosus
• Taking birth control medications should not produce these symptoms or the

pattern of occurrence.The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis and finds the client crying. Which statement is the most therapeutic response for the nurse to make?

• "Why are you crying?The medication will help the

disease."

• "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for

awhile."

• "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and

bad times."

• "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a

while." 2 This is stating a fact and offering self. Both are therapeutic techniques for conversations.

• "Why" is requesting an explanation, and the client does not owe the nurse an

explanation.

• The client did not ask about the nature of MS. The client needs to be able to

verbalize feelings.

• This is "passing the buck." Therapeutic communication is an integral part of

nursing.The client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is scheduled for a magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) scan of the head.Which information should the nurse teach the client about the test?

• The client will have wires attached to the scalp and

lights will flash off and on.

• The machine will be loud and the client must not move

the head during the test.

• The client will drink a contrast medium 30 minutes to

one (1) hour before the test.

• The test will be repeated at intervals during a five (5)-

to six (6)-hour period.2 MRI scans require the client to lie still and not move the body; the client should be warned about the loud noise

• This describes an evoked potential electroencephalogram (EEG).
• The client does not drink any contrast medium. If contrast is used, it will be

given IVP for a CT scan.

• The test is performed at one time

The 45-year-old client is diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis and the nurse writes the nursing diagnosis "anticipatory grieving related to progressive loss." Which intervention should be implemented?

• Consult the physical therapist for assistive devices for

mobility.

• Determine if the client has a legal power of attorney.
• Ask if the client would like to talk to the hospital

chaplain.

• Discuss the client's wishes regarding end-of-life care.

4 The client should make personal choices about end-of-life issues while it is possible to do so. This client is progressing toward immobility and all the complications related to it.

• The problem is grieving R/T loss of functioning. Assistive devices will not

prevent loss of functioning and do not address grieving.

• A legal power of attorney is for personal property and control of financial

issues,which is not the focus of the nurse's care. A legal power of attorney for health care maybe appropriate.

• The nurse should and must discuss end-of-life issues with the client and does

not need to contact the hospital chaplain.The home health nurse is caring for the client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which client issue is of most importance?

• The client refuses to have a gastrostomy feeding.
• The client wants to discuss if she should tell her fiancé.
• The client tells the nurse life is not worth living

anymore .4. The client needs the flu and pneumonia vaccines.3 A potential suicide statement is priority for the nurse when caring for the client with MS.The nurse and a licensed practical nurse (LPN) are caring for a group of clients.Which nursing task should not be assigned to the LPN?

• Administer a skeletal muscle relaxant to a client

diagnosed with low back pain.

• Discuss bowel regimen medications with the HCP for

the client on strict bed rest.

• Draw morning blood work on the client diagnosed

with bacterial meningitis.

• Teach self-catheterization to the client diagnosed with

multiple sclerosis.4 The nurse should not assign assessing,teaching, or evaluation to the LPN.Evaluating the client's ability to per-form self-catheterization should not be assigned to the LPN The male client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis states he has been investigating alternative therapies to treat his disease. Which intervention is most appropriate by the nurse?

• Encourage the therapy if it is not contraindicated by the

medical regimen.

• Tell the client only the health-care provider should

discuss this with him.

• Ask how his significant other feels about this deviation

from the medical regimen.

• Suggest the client research an investigational therapy

instead.1 The nurse should listen without being judgmental about any alternative therapy the client is considering. Alternative therapies, such as massage and relaxation, are frequently beneficial and enhance the medical regimen.