NCLEX Geriatric Pharmacology questions

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Pharm NCLEX Ch11: Drug Therapy in ...

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ngutierrez85Preview Nclex questions for Fundamentals o...71 terms Maggie84_Preview Geriatric Exam 1 NCLEX Practice Qu...146 terms MorKar19Preview NCLEX 16 terms Jacq Which physiologic change that normally occurs in the older adult has implications for the nurse assessing drug response?

• Drug half-life is lengthened.
• Drug metabolism is faster.
• Drug elimination is faster.

D.Protein binding is more efficient.A Drug half-life is extended secondary to diminished liver and renal function in the older adult. Metabolism is slower, not faster, in the older adult. Drug elimination is also generally slower in the older adult, and protein binding is not more efficient in the older adult.The nurse administers a medication that has a long half- life to an older adult patient. What is a priority action for the nurse?

• Assess the patient for potential drug toxicity.

B.Consult with the health care provider for an alternative drug.

• Administer medications early in the day.
• Administer one-half of the medication at a time.

A Because drug absorption is slowed in the older adult, drugs with a longer half-life may increase the potential for toxicity. The nurse should assess the patient, and the dose may need to be decreased. An alternative drug should not be needed.The time of administration will not affect the half-life. The medication should not be halved; this will not affect the half-life.An older adult patient has been having difficulty sleeping.If medications are ordered, what is a primary principle that guides the care of the patient?A.The older adult patient should not take sedative hypnotics.

• The older adult patient should be prescribed a drug

with a short half-life.

• The older adult patient should alternate different

sedatives every other day so as not to become dependent.

• The older adult patient should use alternative therapies

and herbal remedies rather than sedatives.B The older adult patient may have difficulty with elimination of drugs, so a drug with a short half-life is preferable. If used correctly, sedative hypnotics are safe for the older adult. There is no benefit to giving two different sedatives to a patient.Alternative therapies and herbal remedies may be tried; however, there is no indication they are better than traditional therapies.

An older adult patient has been diagnosed with hypertension. A diuretic has been prescribed. Which assessment finding will most concern the nurse?

• The patient's heart rate is irregular.
• The patient is complaining of symptoms of a cold.
• The patient has a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg.
• The patient's temperature is 98.4° F.

A Diuretics are frequently prescribed for the older adult. They can cause electrolyte imbalances and must be prescribed in smaller doses. An irregular heart rate could be a sign of potassium imbalance.An older adult patient suffered a broken leg and had emergency surgery. The patient was prescribed meperidine (Demerol) 50 mg PRN for pain. What is the nurse's most important intervention?

• Teaching the patient about potential side effects of the

medication

• Preparing the patient for an IM injection
• Calling the health care provider to change the

prescription D.Making sure the patient has a patent IV C Demerol is not a drug that is recommended for the older adult owing to the incidence and risk of confusion and convulsions. Morphine is preferred.Which symptom presenting in an older adult would cause the nurse to suspect drug toxicity?

• Decreased urine output
• Bradycardia
• Confusion
• Constipation

C Confusion is one of the first signs of drug toxicity in an older adult.The nurse is administering medication to an older adult.The nurse anticipates that this patient's renal system will have which effect on the medication?A.The medication will be excreted quicker.

• The medication will be metabolized slower.
• The medication will be excreted slower.
• The medication will be metabolized quicker.

C Administration of medication to an older adult can result in the drug being excreted less completely. The renal system will not affect how the drug is metabolized in the body.The nurse is administering medication to an older adult.The nurse anticipates that this patient's hepatic system will have which effect on the medication?

• The medication will be excreted quicker.
• The medication will be metabolized slower.
• The medication will be excreted slower.
• The medication will be metabolized quicker.

B Administration of medication to an older adult can result in the drug being metabolized more slowly in the body. The hepatic system will not affect the excretion of the drug.What effect may the older adult's cardiac system have on drug administration in this patient?

• Delayed transportation of drugs to the body tissues
• Slowed absorption of oral drugs
• Increased transportation of drugs to the body tissues
• Increased absorption of oral drugs

A Administration of medication to an older adult can result in delayed transportation of the drugs to the tissues because of changes in the older adult's cardiac system.The cardiac system usually will not cause slower absorption of oral drugs.

What effect may the older adult's gastrointestinal system have on drug administration in this patient?

• Delayed transportation of drugs to the body tissues
• Slowed absorption of oral drugs
• Increased transportation of drugs to the body tissues
• Increased absorption of oral drugs

B Administration of medication to an older adult can result in slowed absorption of oral drugs. The gastrointestinal system changes will not usually result in a change in the transportation of drugs to the body tissues.