Nclex-Pn study guide

Nclex-Pn study guide Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (937) Save ati fundamental practice b 60 terms lifeofbraids01 Preview ATI Mental Health Proctored Exam Teacher 73 terms nazariuswanjohi209 Preview Overview 21 terms karlierdahlPreview Sheryl 10 terms dv2 What is the primary symptom for Acid Reflux( GERD) Heartburn ( Pyrosis) What test confirms GerdBarium swallow Fluoroscopy (X-ray using fluoroscope) What malfunction allows reflux in Gerdloweresophageal spincter What is the client teaching for GerdLow fat, high protein diet take antacids, avoid lying flat after meals What is the virus that causes AidsHuman immunodefiency virus (HIV) How is HIV transmittedsexual intercourse, , direct contact with infected blood/ bodily fluids ( body fluids- semen, breast milk) HIV mother gives birth to baby What are symptoms of HIVfever, weight loss, night sweats, diarrhea, fatigue How is the presence of HIV confirmedScreening is done first to see if HIV antibodies are present. then a test is performed to specifically identify the antibodies what is the screening testElisa What confirm the screening testWestern Blot How does HIV attack the bodyit attacks the immune system by destroying the T-lymphocytes. the virus also rapidly self replicates What is so important about T-lymphocytesT-cells help immune system recognize/ fight pathogens What is another name for T- lymphocytesCD4 cells

Why is the CD4 count is importantBecause the lower the CD4 count the more damage the virus has done to the body What is a normal CD4 count700-1000 What is the normal CD4 count in a client with HIV Anything at or above 500 client is considered in good shape. If below 500 HIV has progressed to AIDS If client's CD4 count is below 200 they are at risk for what Opportunistic infections What are some opportunistic infectionsOral pharyngeal canididal infection (mouth fungus), Kaposi's sarcoma (skin cancer) Pnemocystic carinii ( form of pneumonia) Meningitis What is the goal of HIV medicationsto interfere with the virus replicating The most important medication to know is (HIV) Zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) What isolation precautions are used with HIVUniversal precautions patients do not have to tell they have HIV, treat everyone the same How do the precautions change with AIDSIf the Patient has a low CD4 count and is at risk for opportunistic infection: private room reverse isolation RN wears gown, goggles, mask when direct contact with blood or body fluids What are teaching points for parents who have a child with HIV

Clean up body fluid/ blood with 10:1 water to bleach ratio

get all immunizations except varicella and Oral poliovirus High calorie, High protein diet Wear changing diaper What is the definition of acute renal failureSudden loss of kidney function to discrete toxins & regulate fluids/ electrolytes What are some possible causes of ARFInfection, Obstruction, Shock There are three phases of ARF what are theyOliguric, Diuretic, and recovery During the oliguric phase what will you seeLast 1-2 weeks low urine output <400 hyperkalemia, HTN Elevated BUN/ creatinine fluid overload What other two electrolytes will be elevated in ARF Sodium and Potassium The diuretic phase is second, what will you seeUrine output slowly returns Hypokalemia, hypotension BUN/ creatinine decrease but still elevated

What does the recovery phase meanThe kidneys are recovering through a slow process Urine volume & BUN is normal What are the nursing intervention for ARFDaily weights, strict I&O Treat causes, diuretics What is the best diet for a client with ARFHigh Carb, Low Protein Client allergic to latex may also be allergic to what food Bananas, Kiwi, Chestnuts What standard hospital equipment will cause an allergic reaction Blood pressure cuffs, contains latex gloves, stethoscopes tourniquets, bandages, indwelling catheters What allergy is contraindicated for contrast dye Iodine/ Shellfish What are the major complications of having an amputation performed Infection, skin breakdown phantom limb pain, joint contracture What is the position for post-op care? AKA ( above the knee) amputation Elevate 1st 24hrs then prone position twice daily to prevent hip flexion What is the position for Post-op care? BKA (below the knee) amputation Elevate the foot of bed 1st 24hrs then prone position twice daily to prevent hip flexion what should you encourage ( amputation patient) Express feelings about lost limb What is phantom limb painPain felt in area that has been amputated An aneurysm is a dilation formed at a weak point on the walls of an artery true or false?True What are the symptoms for aneurysms inside the body Most aneurysms inside have no symptoms what sound would be heard on auscultationa blowing bruit what are some risk factors fr aneurysmArteriosclerosis, infection (Syphilis), Smoking, HTN What is the treatment for an aneurysmSurgery-depends on size strict blood pressure control what are the signs of a ruptured aneurysmSevere pain, Nausea/ vomiting, tachycardia decreased LOC ( level of consciousness) Important client teaching would be to ( Aneurysm) Avoid straining, lifting, or exerting take meds on schedule report severe back flank pain The Primary symptom of Anorexia Nervosa illness is? Starvation What is the perception of the body (anorexia nervosa) Distorted- False impression

At what age does this disease occur ( Anorexia Nervosa) Adolescent What is the usual personality type ( Anorexia Nervosa) Perfectionist, Over achiever, low esteem What is a major cardiac complication (Anorexia Nervosa) Arrhythmias - Irregular heart beat What is a major gynecological complication of anorexia Amenorrhea - Absence of a menstrual period What treatment involve in recovery of anorexia Small frequent mean with IN-Patient counseling Appendicitis commonly seen in what age range 10 to 30 What is the classic sign of appendicitisAcute right lower abdominal pain What are some other signs/ symptoms of appendicitis Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, low grade temperature Localized tenderness is found where with appendicitis McBurney's point What are the test to determine appendicitisComplete history and physical exam with WBC count ( will be elevated) What is the treatment for appendicitisImmediate surgery to remove appendix IV antibiotics, semi-fowlers (Supine/ head 30 degrees) position NPO to rest gut General treatment for acute abdominal pain for appendicitis NPO status, No heat on abdomen assess ab distention IV fluid therapy Where are most samples drawn from for Arterial blood gas Radial artery in wrist How long should pressure be applied to the site after collecting a sample

• minutes

which test should be performed before collecting an ABG Allen's Test This syndrome is a form of what ( Aspergers syndrome) Autism Treatment for Aspergers syndrome focuses on improving what Communication & Social skills of the patient Asthma is an obstructive airway disease cause by what and what of the bronchioles Spasms, Inflammation