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1: A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being
monitored for a possible cerebral aneurysm following a loss of consciousness in the emergency room. The nurse anticipates preparing the patient for ordered diagnostic tests. This nurse's knowledge of the diagnostic procedures for this condition reflects which aspect of nursing?
- The art of nursing
- The science of nursing
- The caring aspect of nursing
- The holistic approach to nursing
b.The science of nursing is the knowledge base for care that is provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that knowledge is the art of nursing. Providing holistic care to patients based on the science of nursing is considered the art of nursing.
1: Which nurse who was influential in the development of
nursing in North America is regarded as the founder of American nursing?
- Clara Barton
- Lillian Wald
- Lavinia Dock
- Florence Nightingale
d.Florence Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education.Clara Barton established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882. Lillian Wald is the founder of public health nursing. Lavinia Dock was a nursing leader and women's rights activist instrumental in womens' right to vote.
1: In early civilizations, the theory of animism attempted to
explain the mysterious changes occurring in bodily functions. Which statement describes a component of the development of nursing that occurred in this era?
- Women who committed crimes were recruited into
- Nurses identified the personal needs of the patient and
- Women called deaconesses made the first visits to the
- The nurse was the mother who cared for her family
nursing the sick in lieu of serving jail sentences.
their role in meeting those needs.
sick and male religious orders cared for the sick and buried the dead.
during sickness by using herbal remedies.d.The theory of animism was based on the belief that everything in nature was alive with invisible forces and endowed with power. In this era, the nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by providing physical care and herbal remedies. At the beginning of the 16th century the shortage of nurses led to the recruitment of women who had committed crimes to provide nursing care instead of going to jail. In the early Christian period, women called deaconesses made the first organized visits to sick people, and members of male religious orders gave nursing care and buried the dead. The influences of Florence Nightingale were apparent from the middle of the 19th century to the 20th century; one of her accomplishments was identifying the personal needs of the patient and the nurse's role in meeting those needs.
1: World War II had a tremendous effect on the nursing
profession. Which development occurred during this period?
- The role of the nurse was broadened.
- There was a decreased emphasis on education.
- Nursing was practiced mainly in hospital settings.
- There was an overabundance of nurses.
a.During World War II, large numbers of women worked outside the home. They became more independent and assertive, which led to an increased emphasis on education. The war itself created a need for more nurses and resulted in a knowledge explosion in medicine and technology. This trend broadened the role of nurses to include practicing in a wide variety of health care settings.
1: Which phrase describes a purpose of the ANA's
Nursing's Social Policy Statement? Select all that apply.
- To describe the nurse as a dependent caregiver
- To provide standards for nursing educational programs
- To define the scope of nursing practice
- To establish a knowledge base for nursing practice
- To describe nursing's social responsibility
- To regulate nursing research
c, d, e.The ANA Social Policy Statement (2010) describes the social context of nursing, a definition of nursing, the knowledge base for nursing practice, the scope of nursing practice, standards of professional nursing practice, and the regulation of professional nursing.
1: One of the four broad aims of nursing practice is to
restore health. Which examples of nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply.
- A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation
- A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a
- A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin.
- A nurse recommends a yoga class for a busy executive.
- A nurse provides hospice care for a patient with end-
- A nurse teaches a nutrition class at a local high school.
program.
patient on bedrest.
stage cancer.
a, b, c.Activities to restore health focus on the individual with an illness and range from early detection of a disease to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. These activities include drug counseling, teaching patients how to administer their medications, and performing range-of-motion exercises for bedridden patients.Recommending a yoga class for stress reduction is a goal of preventing illness, and teaching a nutrition class is a goal of promoting health. A hospice care nurse helps to facilitate coping with disability and death.
1: Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession
based on which defining criteria? Select all that apply.
- Well defined body of general knowledge
- Interventions dependent upon the medical practice
- Recognized authority by a professional group
- Regulation by the medical industry
- Code of ethics
- Ongoing research
c, e, f.Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following
defining criteria: well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, strong
service orientation, recognized authority by a professional group, code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards, ongoing research, and autonomy and self-regulation.
1: A nurse is practicing as a nurse-midwife in a busy OB-
GYN office. Which degree in nursing is necessary to practice at this level?
- LPN
- ADN
- BSN
- MSN
d.A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses. Many master's graduates gain national certification in their specialty area, for example, as family nurse practitioners (FNPs) or nurse midwives.
1: Nurse practice acts are established in each state of the
United States to regulate nursing practice. What is a common element of every state practice act?
- Defining the legal scope of nursing practice
- Providing continuing education programs
- Determining the content covered in the NCLEX
- Creating institutional policies for health care practices
examination
a.Nurse practice acts are established in each state to regulate the practice of nursing by defining the legal scope of nursing practice, creating a state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulations, define important terms and activities in nursing, and establish criteria for the education and licensure of nurses. The acts do not determine the content covered on the NCLEX, but they do have the legal authority to allow graduates of approved schools of nursing to take the licensing examination. The acts also may determine educational requirements for licensure, but do not provide the education. Institutional policies are created by the institutions themselves.
1: The National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and
Practice identifies critical challenges to nursing practice in the 21st century. What is a current health care trend contributing to these challenges?
- Decreased numbers of hospitalized patients
- Older and more acutely ill patients
- Decreasing health care costs due to managed care
- Slowed advances in medical knowledge and
technology b.The National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice identifies the following critical challenges to nursing practice in the 21st century: A growing population of hospitalized patients who are older and more acutely ill, increasing health care costs, and the need to stay current with rapid advances in medical knowledge and technology.
11: Read the following scenario and identify the term for
the characteristics of patient data that are numbered below. Place your answers on the lines provided.The nurse is conducting an initial assessment of a 79-year old female patient admitted to the hospital with a
diagnosis of dehydration. The nurse: (1) uses clinical
reasoning to identify the need to perform a comprehensive assessment and gather the appropriate patient data, (2) first asks the patient about the most important details leading up to her diagnosis, (3) collects as much information as possible to understand the patient's health problems, (4) collects the patient data in an organized manner, (5) verifies that the data obtained is pertinent to the patient care plan, and (6) records the data according to agency policy.
- purposeful
- prioritized
- complete
- systematic
- factual and accurate
- recorded in a standard manner
The nurse identifies the purpose of the nursing assessment (comprehensive) and gathers the appropriate data
The nurse gets the most important information first.
The nurse gathers as much data as possible to understand the patient health problem and develop a plan of care.
The nurse gathers the information in an organized manner.
The nurse verifies that the information is reliable.
The nurse records the data according to agency policy so that all caregivers can easily access what is learned.
11: The nurse practitioner is performing a short assessment
of a newborn who is displaying signs of jaundice. The nurse observes the infant's skin color and orders a test for bilirubin levels to report to the primary care provider.What type of assessment has this nurse performed?
- Comprehensive
- Initial
- Time-lapsed
- Quick priority
d.Quick priority assessments (QPA) are short, focused, prioritized assessments nurses do to gain the most important information they need to have first. The comprehensive initial assessment is performed shortly after the patient is admitted to a health care agency or service. The time-lapsed assessment is scheduled to compare a patient's current status to baseline data obtained earlier.