NCLEX-RN Test 1 for 2024-2025

UWORLD self assessment 1 Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (139) Save NCLEX-RN Test 1 for 2024-2025 Teacher 104 terms TutorDkPreview UWorld 4 128 terms bucayu13Preview NCLEX-RN test uworld 77 terms Erin_WaddingPreview Benchm 71 terms Abi Practice questions for this set Learn1 / 7Study using Learn staph aureus viridins strep anaerobes direct spread (otitis media, mastioditis, sinusitis) hematogenous spread (endocarditis) Choose an answer 1greatest risk associated with TPN2Brain abscess what microorganisms 3initial treatment for stable v tach4cardiac tamponade signs Don't know?

greatest risk associated with TPNcentral line blood stream infection coag negative staph staph auerus gram neg candida ethanol glycol poisoningcalcium oxalate crystals in urine acute kidney injury --- flank pain and hematuria metabolic acidosis w anion gap ecthyma gangrenosumimmunocompromised pseudomonas small erythematous macule to larger nontender nodules with necrosis orthostatic hypotensionlow blood pressure that occurs upon standing up autonomic nerve damage - diabetes, parkinsons MEDS (impair vasoconstriction) - eg alpha 1 blocker (BPH med) hypovolemia cardiac tamponade signsdecrease in cardiac output because pressure exerted on heart by fluid greater than venous pressure cardiac fulling only happens with inspiration pulsus paradoxus - large decrease in systolic BP on inspiration loss of palpable radial pulse during inspiration symptoms of cushing syndromestraie fatigue easy bruising proximal muscle weakness, central obesity hyperglycemia hypokalemia, HTN small cell lung cancer most common cause of paraneoplastic cushing - acth secreting active phase arrest vs. protractionprotraction - (should be 1 cm every 2 hours) - contractions should be every 2-3 minutes arrest - no cervical change for 4 hours w adequate contractions or more than 6 hours with inadequate contraction for protraction - oxytocin arrest - C section

vaccination in new HIV patientpneumococcus - all patients with HIV seasonal inactivated flu - (NOT LIVE) TB screening varicella - recommended for patients with HIV who have no history of chickenpox or shingles live attenuated vaccination only to those with cells greater than 200 diagnose SBPascitic fluid neutrophils greater than 250

tx: IV antibiotics (ceftrixone, fluoroquinolone)

polymyositis vs pmrpolymyositis: proximal muscle WEAKNESS

pain mild/ absent

ELEVATED MUSCLE ENZYMES (CK)

PMR: age over 50

stiffness more than pain in shoulder, hip girdle neck elevated ESR, CRP -- proximal muscle pain without weakness; muscle enzymes normal temporal lobe epilepsyfocal seizures patients appear alert but do not interact with their environment (black stare) automatisms (lip smacking, hand movements) and postictal confusion common infants of diabetic mothers increased risk ofrespiratory distress syndrome, preterm delivery and macrosomnia maternal hyperglycemia with fetal hyperinsulinemia delays cellular maturation --- immature pneumocytes in fetal lungs unable to produce surfactant (uncontrolled diabetes after 1st trimester) initial treatment for stable v tachIV amiodarone ABI for PADless than 0.9 if really high then think calcified noncompressable vessels that yield falsely elevated results Signs of Primary Aldosteronismhypertension hypokalemic alkalosis (muscle weakness and parathesias)

treatment: aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone, eplerenone)

primary hyperparathyroid vs parathyroid of malignancy PTHrP - often severe calcium increase (over 12) primary hyperparathyroid often only causes calcium under 12 risks of roux en Y gastric bypassanastomotic stricture (dysphagia, bowel obstruction) marginal ulcer cholecystitis (RUQ pain) dumping syndrome

secondary hyperparathyroidism with CKDhypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in setting of CKD stimulates PTH release - parathyroid hyperplasia renal osteodystrophy - bone pain and increased risk of fracture

tx: low phosphate diet + phosphate binder

aortic stenosis heart soundsystolic murmur split second heart sound signs of acute iron poisoninghemetemesis - GI BLEEDING!!!!!diarrhea melena stools green/black from iron tablets anion gap metabolic acidosis hepatic necrosis 1-2 days after ingestion bowel obstruction (weeks later) what hormone testing for all patients w afibTSH and T4 (esp if have weight loss) acute knee pain with swelling and catching sensation meniscal tear twisting injury tenderness at joint line palpable locking catching or crepitus when joint is rotated or extended while under load slow onset effusion MRI prognosis of astrocystomas is based ondegree of anaplasia (atypia) CLL what drug medicationlymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, cytopenias, marked lymphocytic predominant leukocytosis

Tx: rituximab (against CD 20)

most common cause of pneumonia and SEPSIS AND MENINGITIS in sickle cell patient strep pneumo prophylactic penicillin empiric abx for febrile patients

tx: third gen ceflosporin

• vanco if sepsis or meningitis/ osteoarticular infection

mitral valve prolapse murmur"late-systolic murmur best heard at apex, occurs earlier in systole with valsalva prophylaxis with dental procedure NOT recommended