Nclex Vocabulary

Nclex Vocabulary Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (484) Save NCLEX Vocabulary 168 terms dorc_eieiPreview ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor Re...151 terms terri_lovingkelis Preview Nclex Vocabulary Teacher 485 terms sirstudiesal0tPreview VATI Co 175 term rob AgnosiaImpairment of the ability to recognize, or comprehend the meaning of, various sensory stimuli, not attributable to disorders of the primary receptors or general intellect transsphenoidal hypophysectomyremoval of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland or tumor through an opening into the upper gum margin; inferior nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus to the floor of the sella turcica; no postop scar; indications such as cushings syndrome acromegaly or hypopituitarism from intrasellar tumors Babinski's Signreflex response, when sole of the foot is stroked, the big toe turns up instead of down (normal in newborn, but pathologic later on) Chovostek's SignThe Chvostek sign is a clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia. It refers to an abnormal reaction to the stimulation of the facial nerve. When the facial nerve is tapped at the angle of the jaw (i.e. masseter muscle), the facial muscles on the same side of the face will contract momentarily (typically a twitch of the nose or lips) because of hypocalcemia (i.e. from hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, hypovitaminosis D) with resultant hyperexcitability of nerves

Kernig's SignThis is a positive sign of meningitis that is when there is pain in the lower back or posterior(Back of) thigh that occurs when knee is extended while pt is lying in supine position and the hip is flexed at a right angle (pt can not straighten leg out if bent at knee when raised) Trousseau's SignA sign of latent TETANY. A SPHYGMOMANOMETER cuff is applied to the upper arm and inflated. Within 4 minutes the forearm muscles go into spasm.nystagmusan involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use nuchal rigidityneck stiffness Homonymous hemianopsiaThe loss of the right or left half of the field of vision in both eyes.Chadwick's signChadwick's sign is a bluish discoloration in the cervix, vagina, and vulva and is associated with pregnancy. After a first pregnancy, this discoloration may remain, making it of little value in subsequent pregnancies. Therefore, this is considered a probable sign.Amenorrhea-an abnormal absence of menstruation.-Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy.A client reports urinary frequency at 8 weeks of gestation. The client asks the nurse how long this will last.Which of the following is an appropriate nursing response?"The urinary frequency usually lessens by the end of the first trimester." The majority of clients report the urinary frequency lessens once the uterus becomes an abdominal organ. This usually occurs by the end of the first trimester or 12 weeks. However, it is likely that the client will again experience urinary frequency late in the third trimester due to increasing uterus size and pressure on the bladder when the fetus drops.A nurse has given a client instructions regarding postoperative care of a cerclage. The nurse knows the client understands the instructions when she states, "I have to go to the hospital at the first sign of labor." The cerclage procedure reinforces the weakened cervix by the use of sutures that go around the cervix to try to hold it closed, just like the tie around a drawstring purse. The provider will need to remove the suture so the cervix can dilate.PolyhydramniosPolyhydramnios is the presence of excessive amniotic fluid surrounding the unborn fetus. Polyhydramnios is associated with gastrointestinal fetal malformations and neurologic disorders. Two examples of these are tracheoesophageal fistula and anencephaly.

Iron toxicityExcess storage of iron in the body is known as hemosiderosis. The excessive iron may come from overuse of supplements or from receiving frequent blood transfusions, as in sickle cell anemia. Clients who have a long history of repeated, frequent transfusions are at risk for development of hemosiderosis.percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) A PTCA dilates an obstructed coronary artery. A catheter with an inflatable balloon tip is inserted into the obstructed coronary artery. The balloon is inflated, compressing atherosclerotic plaque against the coronary artery wall, resulting in dilation of the artery.mitral stenosisA defect in the mitral valve will cause a backup of blood in the pulmonary vein, which returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium. This backup of blood leads to engorgement of the capillaries of the lung field and to an accumulation of fluid in the lungs.pernicious anemiaPernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor needed to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract. Monthly vitamin B12 injections are the definitive treatment to correct the vitamin B12 deficiency.Iron deficiency anemiatake ferrous sulfate = iron Megaloblastic anemiaMegaloblastic anemia is a decrease in the red blood cells caused by folate (folic acid) deficiency.-caused by vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency.-Vitamin B12 deficiency can also result in peripheral neuropathy and cognitive impairment. Vitamin B12 is formed by microorganisms and found only in animal foods; some plant foods may contain minimal amounts of vitamin B12 only if they accidentally contain animal particles.Natural sources of vitamin B12 include meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and milk; some breads and cereals may be fortified with vitamin B12 as well as some nutritional yeasts aplastic anemia.need blood transfusion Epoetin alfaEpoetin alfa is a synthetic version of human erythropoietin. Epoetin alfa is used to treat anemia associated with kidney disease or medication therapy. It increases and maintains the red blood cell level so that blood transfusions are not needed.It takes about 2 to 4 weeks for epoetin alfa to cause an increased level of Hgb and HCT.PancytopeniaDeficiency of all blood cells = aplastic anemia

atrial fluttersaw tooth shaped flutter waves on EKG - artrial rate 250 - 300 - AV node selectively conducts impulse to ventricles - ventricular rate can be regular or variable normal sinus rhythm-P waves occurring at 0.16 seconds before each QRS complex 60-100 beats min premature ventricular contractions.-on EKG there is an early wide QRS complex with no associated P wave. after that beat there is a slight pause and then a normal rhythm continues.-Example = Ventricular rate of 82 with an atrial rate of 80 ventricular tachycardia-a very rapid hearbeat that begins within the ventricles -Example =An irregular ventricular rate of 125, with a wide QRS pattern Arteriosclerosis obliteransArteriosclerosis obliterans is a disease of the blood vessels characterized by narrowing of the arteries in the legs and feet. This causes a decrease in blood flow to the distal extremities which can lead to tissue damage. Common symptoms are intermittent claudication (leg pain with exercise), cold or numb feet at rest, loss of hair on the lower legs, and weakened pulses.dissecting aortic aneurysmmanifestations of a dissecting aortic aneurysm -hypotension -tachycardia -back pain (cardinal sign) Transient abnormal PMI (point of maximal impulse) ??CryosurgeryCryosurgery is a treatment method used for squamous cell or basal cell carcinomas. Cryosurgery destroys the tumor by deep-freezing it with liquid nitrogen. Malignant melanomas are often too deep (and widespread) for this therapy to be effective.