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NGN RN NCLEX PREP
• Croup symptoms and treatment:
Answer:
symptoms (S's): sudden fever, seal bark cough, and stridor
Treatment: maintain patent airway, elevate HOB, provide humidifed oxygen and
vaporizer at home, and admin fluids, antipyretics, steroids, and abx
• Asthma:
Answer:
Bronchoconstrictions Pollen, weeds, tobacco smoke, exercis, cold air, pets, nuts, and milk
• Asthma symptoms and treatment: Symptoms (AIR):
Answer:
accessory muscle use, increased HR, and respiratory SOB/wheezing Treatment: admin rescue med (albuterol) and steroids, humified oxygen face mask, and chest physiotherapy
• PNA`:
Answer:
Inflamation of pulmonary parecnhyma or alveoli caused by virus, bacteria, myocoplasma, aspiration of food
• PNA symptoms and treatment:
Answer:
symptoms (CHILL): cough, high fever, increased HR, loud wheeze, and LOC
(agitated Treatment: blood cultures before abx admin, admin oxygent and
antipuretics, and encourage fluids and rest
• Using aspiring products during viral illnessess in children:
Answer:
increase risk for reyes syndrome
• Cerebral palsy:
Answer:
abnormal brain development disorder that results in impaired movement, muscle tone, and tremors caused by usually develloped before birth from labor complications, maternal infections, and premature birth
• Cerebral palsy symptoms and treatment:
Answer:
symptoms (PALS): positve moro and tonic neck > 6 months, abrnomal posturing,
late milestones, stiff arm and legs
Treatment: PT, OT, speech therapy, mobilizing devices, admin baclofen,
anti-seizures meds
• Seziures: Clonic:
Answer:
Jerking tonic stiffness treatment: maintain patent airway, time seziure, admin PAM, turn on side, and call if < 5min or back to back
• Head injury and increased ICP:
Answer:
force to head that affects, scalp, meninges, or brain which can increase ICP
cause: high contact sports and trauma abuse
• Head injury and increased symptoms:
Answer:
Symptoms early ICP: increased seizures, cry high pitched, protruding fontanel
Symptoms late (ABCD): altered pupil size, bradycardia, cheyne-strokes, and
decorticate or dcerebrate posturing
• Head injury and increase ICP treatmetn:
Answer:
- immbolize neck/spine
- elevate HOB 15-30
- admin oxygen
- NPO status
• Spina bifida:
Answer:
a type of neural tube defects from spinal cord not developing correctly
Signs: tuft of hair at spnie base, small dimple or birthmark
Prevention: increased folic acid during pregnancy
• Meningitis:
Answer:
inflammation of meninges of brain and spinal cord from trauma, surgery, or
infetions signs: fever, + brudzinskis and kernings, nuchal rigidity
• Brudzinski's sign:
Answer:
pain with resistance and involuntary flex of hip/knee when neck is flexed to chest when lying supine
• Kerning:
Answer:
horizontal spacing between pairs of letters
• ADD and ADHD:
Answer:
heperactivty, inattention and impusivity cause: low dopamine and epinerphrine in brain+ increased anxiety and substance abuse problems
• ADD and ADHD treatment:
Answer:
- behavioral therapy
- admin adderall, ritaling
- promote self-esteem
• Autism symptoms (LEARN):
Answer:
Lack of imaginative play eye contact avoided attack (self-injurious) repetivit movements No gestures
• Atusim treatment:
Answer:
- avoid placing demands on child
- safety precautions
• DM 1:
Answer:
Kills pancreatic beta cells- NO INSULINE (KETONES) Caused by genetics
Complications: DKA BG> 250
• DM 2:
Answer:
abnormal resistance and secreation of insuling- NOT ENOUGH INSULIN decreaed activity and increased BMI adult
Complications: HHS BG > 600
• Infants ( birth-12 months):
Answer:
SF: oral stage (feeding)
EE: trust vs. mistrust ( meet needs)
JP: sensorimotor stage
LR: egocentric judgement/ infant has not awareness of right or wrong
• Toddler (1-3): SF:
Answer:
anal stage (potty training)
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