NSG 555- exam 4 Latest Update -

NSG 555- exam 4 Latest Update - Exam Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

Diffusion of Innovations - CORRECT ANSWER: proposed to explain the processes and factors influencing the spread and adoption of new innovations through certain channels over time key components: 1) perceived attributes of the innovation, 2) innovativeness of adopter, 3) social system, 4) individual adoption process, 5) diffusion system

Dissemination Research - CORRECT ANSWER: Part of type II research

Systematic study of processes and factors that lead to widespread use of an evidence- based intervention by the target population. Focus is to identify the best methods that enhance the uptake and utilization of the intervention.

Effectiveness research - CORRECT ANSWER: Part of type II research

Determines the impact of an intervention with demonstrated efficacy when it is delivered under "real-world" conditions.often must use methodological designs that are better suited for large/less controlled research environments, with a major purpose to obtain more externally valid (generalizable) results

Efficacy research - CORRECT ANSWER: evaluates the initial impact of an intervention (whether it does more good than harm among the individuals in the target population) when it is delivered under optimal (laboratory) conditions typically use a random allocation of participants to ensure highly controlled conditions focuses on internal validity / establishing causal relationships between exposure to an intervention and an outcome related to type I research

Factors associated with speed & extent of dissemination and implementation:

characteristics of adopters - CORRECT ANSWER: individual &

organizational/community level attributes of organization/community (size, formalization, perceived complexity, readiness for implementation of innovation) Characteristics, attitudes, behaviors of individuals within adopting organization (position in organization, education, individual concerns, motivations) may also determine uptake/use of innovation individual adopters classified according to their degree of innovativeness: 1) innovators, 2) early adopters, 3/4) early and late majority, 5) laggards

Factors associated with speed & extent of dissemination and implementation:

characteristics of the intervention - CORRECT ANSWER: Characteristics of the

intervention 1 / 2

1) relative advantage (effectiveness, cost-efficiency relative to alternatives), 2) compatibility (fit of innovation to established ways of accomplishing same goal), 3) observability (extent to which outcomes can be seen), 4) trialability (extent to which adopter must commit to full adoption), 5) complexity (how simple the innovation is to understand).

Factors associated with speed & extent of dissemination and implementation:

contextual factors - CORRECT ANSWER: political, social, organizational settings for implementation of intervention include: social support, legislations, regulations, social networks, norms and culture understanding the delivery context for the intervention is essential for the success of the dissemination and implementation, and closely linked to concepts of fidelity & adaptation.Inner (organizational) context (structural features, cultural features, system readiness) & outer (interorganizational) context (interorganizational netowrks & collaborations)

Factors Influencing D&I Processes: Fidelity - CORRECT ANSWER: Measures the degree to which an intervention is implemented as it is prescribed in the original protocol. commonly measured by comparing the original evidence-based intervention and the disseminated and implemented intervention in terms of: 1) adherence to the program protocol, 2) dose or amount of program delivered, 3) quality of program delivery, 4) participant reaction and acceptance.Measurement of fidelity focuses more on function and process of intervention, rather than on individual components.

Foundation Concept: Adoption - CORRECT ANSWER: the decision of an organization or community to commit to and initiate an evidence-based intervention

Foundation Concept: Capacity Building - CORRECT ANSWER: any activity (training, identification of alternative resources, building internal assets) that builds durable resources and enables the recipient setting/community to continue the delivery of an evidence-based intervention after the external support from the donor agency is terminated.

Foundation Concept: Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER: passive, untargeted, unplanned, and uncontrolled spread of new interventions. part of the diffusion-dissemination- implementation continuum--least focused and intense approach

Foundation Concept: Dissemination - CORRECT ANSWER: active approach of spreading evidence-based interventions to target audience via determined channels using planned strategies

Foundation Concept: Evidence Based Intervention - CORRECT ANSWER: objects of dissemination and implementation research are interventions with proven efficacy and effectiveness (i.e. evidence-based).

• / 2