NUR 2063 Exam 5 - Answer patho; inflammation of the tiny filters ...

NUR 2063 Exam 5

• Glomerulonephritis

Answer patho; inflammation of the tiny filters in kidneys s/s; high BP, coffee-colored urine, proteinuria, edema

causes; viral infections, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, bacterial endocardi- tis treatment; treat underlying cause

• Peritonitis

Answer patho; inflammation of peritoneum

s/s; sudden severe, tenderness, pain, fever, hypotension, tachycardia decreased peristalsis causes; chemical irritation, direct organism invasion treatment; surgery, correct fluid & electrolyte imbalance, antibiotic therapy

• Appendicitis

Answer patho; inflammation of appendix, edema & fluids build up & block function which compress blood flow

s/s; nausea, RLQ pain, fever, diarrhea, inflammation causes; infection, constipation, inflammatory process disease treatment; surgery, hydration, antibiotics, electrolytes

• bowel obstructions (mechanical)

Answer patho; blockage, distends & collapses, bowel wall is congested

s/s; cramps, vomiting, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea, pain, tender causes; hernias, tumors, gallstones, intussusception, volvulus treatment; IV fluids & antibiotics, nasogastric suction, catheter

• bowel obstruction (non-mechanical)

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patho; muscles/nerves in the small/large intestine function poorly

s/s; pain, swelling, decreased appetite, inability to pass BM causes; surgery, meds, decreased K+ levels, electrolyte imbalances, hypothy- roidism, diabetes mellitus treatment; meds, surgery, nasogastric tube, observation

• Hypothyroidism

Answer patho; thyroid does not produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormones

s/s; fatigue, pale dry skin, hair loss, weight gain, bradycardia, goiter, depression, constipation, lethargy causes; age, latrogenic, autoimmune thyroiditis treatment; thyroid hormone replacement

• benign prostatic hypertrophy

Answer patho; enlargement of the prostate gland in men (age 50)

s/s; frequency, dribbling urine, urinary retention, urgency, erectile dysfunction, over- flow incontinence causes; unknown, increased proliferation treatment; laser therapy, meds, surgery, TUNA, TURP

• pyelonephritis

Answer patho; infection of 1 or both kidneys; contaminated urine in kidneys

s/s; fever, chills, CVA tenderness, urgency, frequency, anorexia causes; e. coli, bacteria in urinary tract treatment; managed with antimicrobial to avoid decreased renal function

• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Answer patho; gradual loss of renal function, scar tissue replaces injured nephrons

s/s; anemia, electrolyte imbalances, polyuria, absent urine output, muscle twitches, heart failure, nausea, fatigue, jaundice, flank pain

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