Nursing Pharmacology: ANS: NCLEX Questions

Nursing Pharmacology: ANS: NCLEX Questions Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (37) Science MedicineNursing Save

THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTE...

47 terms BigLessiiPreview Pharmacology NCLEX Questions 49 terms notnursingPreview Autonomic Nervous System NCLEX ...14 terms VicCarterPreview Med Su 86 terms Jasm The nurse is aware that adrenergic drugs produce effects similar to which of these nervous systems?

• Central nervous system
• Somatic nervous system
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Parasympathetic nervous system

parasympathetic When an adrenergic drug stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, the result is an increased force of contraction, which is known as what type of effect?

• Positive inotropic
• Antiadrenergic
• Negative chronotropic
• Positive dromotropic

positive inotropic When a patient is taking an adrenergic agonist drug, the nurse expects to observe which effect?

• Increased heart rate
• Bronchial constriction
• Constricted pupils
• Increased intestinal peristalsis

increased heart rate

An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a patient in shock.The nurse will note that this drug has had its primary intended effect if which expected outcome occurs?

• Volume restoration
• Increased cardiac output
• Decreased urine output
• Reduced anxiety

increased CO The nurse is administering a stat dose of epinephrine.Epinephrine is appropriate for which situation?

• Severe hypertension
• Angina
• Cardiac arrest
• Tachycardia

cardiac arrest A patient is on a low-dose dobutamine drip for heart failure. She had been feeling better but now has a sense of tightness in her chest, palpitations, and a bit of anxiety.Her heart rate is up to 110 beats/min, and her blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg (increased from previous readings of 86 beats/min and 120/80 mm Hg). What is the nurse's immediate concern for this patient?

• She is experiencing normal adverse effects of

dobutamine therapy.

• She may be experiencing an allergic reaction to the

dobutamine.

• The medication may be causing a worsening of a

preexisting cardiac disorder. d. The dosage of the dobutamine needs to be increased to control the symptoms better.worsening cardiac disorder Dobutamine increases CO in heart failure patients by increasing contractility. All adrenergic drugs may worsen a cardiac disorder such as MI in a patient with a heart condition.Other answers are not correct.A 14-year-old patient has been treated for asthma for almost 4 months. Two weeks ago, she was given salmeterol as part of her medication regimen. However, her mother has called the clinic to report that it does not seem to work when her daughter is having an asthma attack. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

• "It takes time for a therapeutic response to develop."
• "She is too young for this particular medication; it will

be changed."

• "She needs to take up to two puffs every 4 hours to

ensure adequate blood levels."

• "This medication is indicated for prevention of

bronchospasms, not for relief of acute symptoms.the medication is intended for prevention, not acute relief albuterol is an acute acting B2 agonist, salmeterol is long-acting

A hospitalized patient is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to a dose of intravenous penicillin.Which drug will the nurse expect to use to treat this condition?

• Ephedra
• Epinephrine
• Phenylephrine
• Pseudoephedrine

epinephrine indicated for allergic anaphylaxis The nurse recognizes that adrenergic drugs cause relaxation of the bronchi and bronchodilation by stimulating which type of receptors?

• Dopaminergic
• Beta1 adrenergic
• Beta2 adrenergic
• Alpha1 adrenergic

B2 adrenergic The nurse is preparing to administer dopamine. Which is the correct technique for administering dopamine?

• Orally
• Intravenous (IV) push injection
• Intermittent IV infusions (IV piggyback)
• Continuous IV infusion with an infusion pump

continuous IV This is the only way dopamine can be administered.The nurse is presenting information to a class of students about adrenergic drugs. Which are the effects of drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system? (Select all that apply.)

• Dilation of bronchioles
• Constriction of bronchioles
• Decreased heart rate
• Increased heart rate
• Dilated pupils
• Constricted pupils
• Glycogenolysis

dilation of bronchioles, increased HR, dilated pupils, glycogenolysis These are all SNS reactions.The nurse is to administer epinephrine 0.3 mg subcutaneously. The ampule contains 1 mL of medication and is labeled 1 mg/mL. Identify how many milliliters of epinephrine the nurse will give. _______ 0.3ML

During therapy with a beta blocker, the patient notices that she has swollen feet, has gained 3 pounds within 2 days, feels short of breath even when walking around the house, and has been dizzy. The nurse suspects that which of these is occurring?

• The patient is experiencing an allergic reaction.
• The patient may be developing heart failure.
• More time is needed for the patient to see a

therapeutic response to the drug.

• The patient is experiencing expected adverse effects

of the drug.The patient may be developing heart failure.These symptoms are beyond expected adverse effects.A patient is going home with a new prescription for the beta-blocker atenolol (Tenormin). The nurse will include which content when teaching the patient about this drug?

• Never stop taking this medication abruptly.
• The medication will be stopped once symptoms

subside.

• If adverse effects occur, stop taking the drug for 24

hours, and then resume.

• Be watchful for first-dose hypotension.

Never stop taking this medication abruptly.Rebound HTN and chest pain are possible.This may also occur with doses skipped.First-dose hypotension is a response to alpha-blockers.During rounds, the nurse notes that a dobutamine infusion has extravasated into the forearm of a patient.After stopping the infusion, the nurse follows standing orders and immediately injects phentolamine (Regitine) subcutaneously in a circular fashion around the extravasation site. What is the mechanism of action of the phentolamine in this situation?

• It neutralizes the extravasated dobutamine

immediately.

• It causes arterial vasoconstriction and reduces pain

and swelling at the site.

• It increases peripheral vascular resistance and reduces

arterial pressure at the site.

• It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by

vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.It causes vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.Phentolamine is an alpha blocker that reduces peripheral vascular resistance when given systemically, but local subcutaneous injection around the site of extravasated vasoconstrictive drugs, such as dobutamine, causes an alpha- adrenergic receptor blockade and vasodilation. This allows for increased blood flow to the ischemic tissue and may prevent permanent tissue damage.