Patho Test 2 Fluid and Electrolyte Questions

Patho Test 2 Fluid and Electrolyte Questions 5.0 (2 reviews) Students also studied Terms in this set (75) George Brown College Nursing Save Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX Quest...33 terms Alex_Hassiepen Preview Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Pr...Teacher 89 terms anaufPreview Pathophysiology, Electrolyte Imbala...89 terms brifaulknerPreview Pathop 93 terms tjho What is the nurse's primary concern regarding fluid and electrolytes when caring for an elderly patient who is intermittently confused?

• Risk of dehydration
• Risk of kidney damage
• Risk of stroke
• Risk of bleeding

A The nurse is planning care for a patient with severe burns.Which of the following is this patient at risk for developing? (Select all that apply)

• Intracellular fluid deficit
• Intracellular fluid overload
• Extracellular fluid deficit
• Interstitial fluid deficit

A, C and D A patient is experiencing multisystem fluid volume deficit, has the following symptoms of tachycardia, pale, cool skin and decreased urine output. The nurse realizes these findings are most likely a direct result of which of the following?

• The body's natural compensatory mechanisms
• Pharmacological effects of a diuretic
• Effects of rapidly infused intravenous fluids
• Cardiac failure

A

A pregnant patient is admitted with excessive thirst, increased urination, and has a medical diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse chooses which of the following nursing diagnosis as the most appropriate?

• Risk for imbalanced fluid volume
• Excess fluid volume
• Imbalanced nutrition
• Ineffective tissue perfusion

A A patient recovering from surgery has an indwelling urinary catheter. The nurse would contact the patient's primary health care provider with which of the following 24-hour urine output volumes? a. 600 mL

• 750 mL c. 1000 mL d. 1200 mL

A A patient is receiving intravenous fluids post-operatively following cardiac surgery. Nursing assessments should focus on which postoperative complication?

• Fluid volume excess
• Fluid volume deficit
• Seizure activity
• Liver failure

A *A patient is diagnosed with hyponatremia. The nurse realizes that this patient will most likely need which of the following precautions implemented?*

• Seizure
• Infection
• Neutropenic
• High-risk fall

A A patient is diagnosed with hypokalemia. After reviewing the patient's current medications, which of the following might have contributed to the patient's health problems?

• Corticosteroid
• Thiazide diuretic
• Narcotic
• Muscle relaxer

A The nurse is planning care for a patient with fluid volume overload and hyponatremia. Which of the following should be included in this patient's plan of care?

• Restrict fluids
• Administer IV fluids
• Provide Kayexalate the physician ordered
• Administer IV diuretic

A

A patient prescribed spironolactone is demonstrating ECG changes (below) and complaining of muscle weakness. The nurse realizes this patient is exhibiting signs of which of the following?

• Hyperkalemia
• Hypokalemia
• Hypercalcemia
• Hypocalcemia

A Which of the following is the normal level of potassium in the blood?

A. 1.5 - 4.0

B. 3.5 - 5.0

C. 5.0 - 7.5

• None of the above

B The active process by which the sodium moves out of the cell and potassium moves into

the cell is called:

• Filtration
• Osmosis
• Diffusion
• Active transport

D Which of the following interventions would be the best choice to monitor fluid and electrolyte balance?

• Assess if client is voiding
• Assess daily weight
• Evaluate daily urine specimens
• Check daily sodium levels

D Which of the following statements best describes electrolytes in extracellular and intracellular fluid?

• There is a greater concentration of sodium in

extracellular fluid and a greater concentration of potassium in intracellular fluid.

• There is equal movement of sodium and potassium

between intracellular and extracellular fluids

• There is greater concentration of potassium in

extracellular fluid and a greater concentration of sodium in intracellular fluid.

• None of the above

A *A client is hyponatremic and the cause is thought to be fluid overload. When this is the etiology, what would be the intervention of choice?*

• Restrict sodium intake
• Do nothing and allow it to resolve itself
• Restrict oral fluids
• Force fluids

C

*Aldosterone promotes which of the following?*

• Re-absorption of sodium
• Re-absorption of potassium
• Excretion of renin
• Excretion of water

A *The plasma oncotic pressure does which of the following?*

• Pulls fluid back into the vascular space at the venous

side of the capillary

• Pushes fluid out of the vascular space at the venous

side of the capillary

• Pushes fluid out of the vascular space at the arterial

side of the capillary

• All of the above

A The majority of the body's water is contained in which of the fluid compartments? a. Interstitial

• Intracellular c. Extracellular d. Intravascular

B Which of the following are symptoms of hypovolemia?

• Oliguria
• Weight gain
• Decreased pulse and increase BP
• Distended jugular veins

A Which of the following are symptoms of hypocalcemia?

• Positive Chvostek's and Trousseau signs and seizures
• Prolonged QT interval
• Numbness and tingling of the hands and muscle

cramps

• All of the above

D Which of the following is responsible for oncotic pressure in the blood stream?

• Antidiuretic hormone
• Blood urea nitrogen
• Creatinine
• Albumin

D Which of the following contains the most sodium?

• Roast beef sandwich and an apple
• Turkey sandwich with mashed potatoes
• Bologna sandwich with pickles and potato chips
• Veggie-wrap with pears

C Which of the following meals is highest in calcium?

• Salmon sandwich with spinach and a glass of milk
• Fried egg sandwich with nuts
• Taco with tomatoes
• Ham sandwich with pickles

A