Pharmacology NCLEX Questions

Pharmacology NCLEX Questions ScienceMedicineNursing notnursing Save NCLEX Questions-Pharmacology (w...60 terms carol_ciccolella_von Preview 140 Must Know NCLEX Meds 141 terms eyoung389Preview Pharmacology NCLEX Questions 120 terms mandapooPreview Pharma 100 term dsg An 86-year-old patient is being discharged to home on digitalis therapy and has very little information regarding the medication. Which statement best reflects a realistic outcome of patient teaching activities?

• The patient and patient's daughter will state the proper way to take the drug.
• The nurse will provide teaching about the drug's adverse effects.
• The patient will state all the symptoms of digitalis toxicity.
• The patient will call the prescriber if adverse effects occur.
• The patient and patient's daughter will state the proper way to take the drug.

A patient has a new prescription for a blood pressure medication that may cause him to feel dizzy during the first few days of therapy. Which is the best nursing diagnosis for this situation?

• Activity intolerance
• Risk for injury
• Disturbed body image
• Self-care deficit
• Risk for injury

A patient's chart includes an order that reads as follows: "Lanoxin 250 mcg once daily at 0900." Which action by the nurse is correct?

• The nurse gives the drug via the transdermal route.
• The nurse gives the drug orally.
• The nurse gives the drug intravenously.
• The nurse contacts the prescriber to clarify the dosage route.
• The nurse contacts the prescriber to clarify the dosage route.

A 77-year-old man who has been diagnosed with an upper respiratory tract infection tells the nurse that he is allergic to penicillin. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

• "that's to be expected--lots of people are allergic to penicillin."
• "This allergy is not of major concern because the drug is given so commonly."
• "What type of reaction did you have when you took penicillin?"
• "Drug allergies don't usually occur in older individuals because they have built up resistance."
• "What type of reaction did you have when you took penicillin?"

The nurse is compiling a drug history for a patient. Which question from the nurse will obtain the most information from the patient?

• "Do you depend on sleeping pills to get to sleep?"
• "Do you have a family history of heart disease?"
• "When you have pain, what do you do to relieve it?"
• "What childhood diseases did you have?"
• "When you have pain, what do you do to relieve it?"

The nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Put into correct order the steps of the nursing process, with 1 being the first step and 5 being the last step.

• Implementation
• Planning
• Assessment
• Evaluation
• Nursing diagnoses

4, 3, 1, 5, 2

The nurse is reviewing new medication orders that have been written for a newly admitted patient. The nurse will need to clarify which orders?Select all that apply.

• Metformin (Glucophage) 1000 mg PO twice a day
• Sitagliptin (Januvia) 50 mg daily
• Simvastatin (Zocor) 20 mg PO every evening
• Irbesartan (Avapro) 300 mg PO once a day
• Docusate (Colace) as needed for constipation
• Sitagliptin (Januvia) 50 mg daily
• Docusate (Colace) as needed for constipation

An elderly woman took a prescription medicine to help her to sleep; however, she felt restless all night and did not sleep at all. The nurse recognizes that this woman has experienced which type of reaction or effect?

• Allergic reaction
• Idiosyncratic reaction
• Mutagenic effect
• Synergistic effect
• Idiosyncratic reaction

While caring for a patient with cirrhosis or hepatitis, the nurse knows that abnormalities in which phase of pharmacokinetics may occur?

• Absorption
• Distribution
• Metabolism
• Excretion
• Metabolism

A patient who has advanced cancer is receiving opioid medications around the clock to "keep him comfortable" as he nears the end of his life.Which term best describes this type of therapy?

• Palliative therapy
• Maintenance therapy
• Supportive therapy
• Supplemental therapy
• Palliative therapy

The nurse is giving medications to a patient in heart failure. The intravenous route is chosen instead of the intramuscular route. The nurse knows that the factor that most influences the decision about which route to use is the patient's

• altered biliary function.
• increased glomerular filtration.
• reduced liver metabolism.
• diminished circulation.
• diminished circulation.

A patient has just received a prescription for an enteric-coated stool softener. When teaching the patient, the nurse should include which statement?

• "Take the tablet with 2 to 3 ounces of orange juice."
• "Avoid taking all other medications with any enteric-coated tablet."
• "Crush the tablet before swallowing if you have problems with swallowing."
• "Be sure to swallow the tablet whole without chewing it."
• "Be sure to swallow the tablet whole without chewing it."

Each statement describes a phase of pharmacokinetics. Put the statements in order, with 1 indicating the phase that occurs first and 4 indicating the phase that occurs last.

• Enzymes in the liver transform the drug into an inactive metabolite.
• Drug metabolites are secreted through passive glomerular filtration into the renal tubules.
• A drug binds to the plasma protein albumin and circulates through the body.
• A drug moves from the intestinal lumen into the mesenteric blood system.

3,4,2,1

A drug that delivers 500 mg has a half-life of 4 hours. How many milligrams of drug will remain in the body after 1 half-life?250 mg

The nurse is reviewing factors that influence pharmacokinetics in the neonatal patient. Which factor puts the neonatal patient at risk with regard to drug therapy?

• Immature renal system
• Hyperperistalsis in the GI tract
• Irregular temperature regulation
• Smaller circulatory capacity
• Immature renal system

The physiologic differences in the pediatric patient compared with the adult patient affect the amount of drug needed to produce a therapeutic effect. The nurse is aware that one of the main differences is that infants have

• increased protein in circulation.
• fat composition lower than 0.001%
• more muscular body composition.
• water composition of approximately 75%
• water composition of approximately 75%

While teaching a 76-year-old patient about the adverse effects of his medications, the nurse encourages him to keep a journal of the adverse effects he experiences. This intervention is important for the elderly patient because of which alterations in pharmacokinetics?

• Increased renal excretion of protein-bound drugs
• More alkaline gastric pH, resulting in more adverse effects
• Decreased blood flow to the liver, resulting in altered metabolism
• Less adipose tissue to store fat-soluble drugs
• Decreased blood flow to the liver, resulting in altered metabolism

When the nurse is reviewing a list of medications taken by an 88-year-old patient, the patient says, "I get dizzy when I stand up." She also states that she has nearly fainted "a time or two" in the afternoons. Her systolic blood pressure drops 15 points when she stands up. Which type of medication may be responsible for these effects?

• NSAIDS
• Cardiac glycosides
• Anticoagulants
• Antihypertensives
• Antihypertensives

A pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks' gestation has a cold and calls the office to ask about taking an over-the-counter medication that is rated as pregnancy category A. Which answer by the nurse is correct?

• "This drug causes problems in the human fetus, so you should not take this medication."
• "This drug may cause problems in the human fetus, but nothing has been proven in clinical trials. It is best not to take this medication."
• "This drug has not caused problems in animals, but no testing has been done in humans. It is probably safe to take."
• "Studies indicate that there is no risk to the human fetus, so it is okay to take this medication as directed if you need it."
• "Studies indicate that there is no risk to the human fetus, so it is okay to take this medication as directed if you need it."