Pharmacology NCLEX Questions: Respiratory

Pharmacology NCLEX Questions: Respiratory

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• AsthmaA client is diagnosed with a pulmonary disorder that causes COPD. Lungs tissue

changes are normally reversible with this condition. The nurse understands that which is the client's most likely diagnosis?

• Asthma
• Emphysema
• Bronchiectasis
• Chronic bronchitis
• epinephrine (Adrenalin)A client with COPD has an acute bronchospasm. The nurse knows that which is the

best medication for this emergency situation?

• zafirlukast (Accolate)
• epinephrine (Adrenalin)
• dexamethasone (Decadron)
• oxtriphylline-theophyllinate (Choledyl)
• Increased heart rateA client is taking aminophylline-theophylline ethylenediamine (Somophyllin). For

what should the nurse monitor the client?

• Drowsiness
• Hypoglycemia
• Increased heart rate
• Decreased white blood cell count

• 10 to 20 mcg/mLA client is prescribed theophylline to relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi. The

nurse monitors the client's theophylline serum levels to maintain which therapeutic range?

• 1 to 10 mcg/mL
• 10 to 20 mcg/mL
• 20 to 30 mcg/mL
• 30 to 40 mcg/mL
• Maintenance treatment of asthmaA client with COPD is taking a leukotriene antagonist, montelukast (Singulair). The

nurse is aware that this medication is given for which purpose?

• Maintenance treatment of asthma
• Treatment of an acute asthma attack
• Reversing bronchospasm associated with COPD
• Treatment of inflammation in chronic bronchitis
• Continue to assess the client's oxygenation. The nurse is caring for a client with a theophylline level of 14 mcg/mL. What is the

priority nursing intervention?

• Increase the IV drip rate.
• Monitor the client for toxicity.
• Continue to assess the client's oxygenation.
• Stop the IV for an hour then restart at lower rate.
• TachycardiaDischarge teaching to a client receiving a beta-agonist bronchodilator should

emphasize reporting which side effect?

• Hypoglycemia
• Nonproductive cough
• Sedation
• Tachycardia
• St. John's wortThe nurse instructs the client to avoid which over-the-counter products when

taking theophylline (Theo-Dur)?

• acetaminophen (Tylenol)
• echinacea
• diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
• St. John's wort
• Monitor client for potential chest pain.A nurse reviews a client's medication history and notes that the client is taking a

nonselective adrenergic agonist bronchodilator and has a history of coronary artery disease. What is a priority nursing intervention?

• Monitor client for potential chest pain.
• Monitor blood pressure continuously.
• Assess daily for hyperkalemia.
• Assess 12-lead ECG each shift.

• Salmeterol has a longer duration of action.The nurse is instructing a client about the advantages of salmeterol (Serevent)

over other beta2 agonists such as albuterol (Proventil). How will the nurse explain to the client the difference in these two medications?

• Salmeterol has a shorter onset of action.
• Salmeterol does not have any side effects.
• Albuterol has a longer onset of action.
• Salmeterol has a longer duration of action.
• "This medication will prevent the inflammation that

causes your asthma attack." Client teaching regarding the use of antileukotriene agents such as zafirlukast (Accolate) should include which statement?

• "Take the medication as soon as you begin wheezing."
• "It will take about 3 weeks before you notice a therapeutic effect."
• "This medication will prevent the inflammation that causes your asthma attack."
• "Increase fiber and fluid in your diet to prevent the side effect of constipation."
• Administer a beta2 adrenergic agonist.A client with a history of asthma is short of breath and says, "I feel like I'm having

an asthmatic attack." What is the nurse's best action?

• Call a code.
• Ask the client to describe the symptoms.
• Administer a beta2 adrenergic agonist.
• Administer a long-acting glucocorticoid.
• Monitor for heart rate >100 beats/min.A client has taken metaproterenol. What is the nurse's priority action?
• Monitor for heart rate >100 beats/min.
• Tell the client not to drive for 2 hours.
• Monitor for sedation.
• Assess for elevated blood pressure.
• Rinse his mouth with water after each use.A client demonstrates understanding of flunisolide (AeroBid) by saying that he will

do what?

• Take two puffs to treat an acute asthma attack.
• Rinse his mouth with water after each use.
• Immediately stop taking his oral prednisone when he starts using AeroBid.
• Not use his albuterol inhaler while he is taking AeroBid.
• Teach the child to use a spacer.The nurse is caring for a young child who has been prescribed an inhaler for

control of her asthma. The child is having difficulty using the inhaler. What is the nurse's best action?

• Tell the parent to hold the inhaler for the child.
• Ask the health care provider to switch to oral medications.
• Tell the parent that young children should not use inhalers.
• Teach the child to use a spacer.

• The client with atrial fibrillation with a rate of 100 The nurse is caring for clients on the pulmonary unit. Which client should not

receive epinephrine if ordered?

• The client with a history of emphysema
• The client with a history of type 2 diabetes
• The client who is 16 years old
• The client with atrial fibrillation with a rate of 100
• Administer the albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, and

administer ipratropium bromide, followed by beclomethasone several minutes later.The health care provider orders ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), albuterol (Proventil), and beclomethasone (Vanceril) inhalers for a client. What is the nurse's best action?

• Question the order; three inhalers should not be given at one time.
• Administer the albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, and administer ipratropium

bromide, followed by beclomethasone several minutes later.

• Administer each inhaler at 30-minute intervals.
• Administer beclomethasone first, wait 2 minutes, and administer ipratropium

bromide, followed by the albuterol several minutes later.

• "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you

inhale the medication." Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a client about the proper use of metered-dose inhalers?

• "After you inhale the medication once, repeat until you obtain relief."
• "Make sure that you puff out air repeatedly after you inhale the medication."
• "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication."
• "Hold the inhaler in your mouth, take a deep breath, and then compress the

inhaler."

• Liquefying and loosening of bronchial secretions What will the nurse expect to find that would indicate a therapeutic effect of

acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)?

• Decreased cough reflex
• Decreased nasal secretions
• Liquefying and loosening of bronchial secretions
• Relief of bronchospasms
• Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours when

taking albuterol.What is the most important thing for the nurse to teach the client with a history of diabetes and asthma who has started on albuterol PRN?

• Take Tylenol for headaches when taking albuterol.
• Monitor for orthostatic hypotension every 2 hours when taking albuterol.
• Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours when taking albuterol.
• An antianxiety agent may be prescribed to help with nervousness.
• "Take the ipratropium at least 5 minutes before the

cromolyn." A client is prescribed ipratropium and cromolyn sodium. What will the nurse teach the client?

• "Do not take these medications within 4 hours of each other."
• "Take the ipratropium at least 5 minutes before the cromolyn."
• "Administer both medications together in a metered-dose inhaler."
• "Take the ipratropium only in the mornings."