Remar Quick Facts for Nclex

Remar Quick Facts for Nclex Leave the first rating Terms in this set (529) Save What is the parkland formula? 4 ml of LR x wt(kg) x % of body burned What is the primary symptom of GERD?Heartburn (pyrosis) What tests confirms GERD? Barium Swallow fluoroscopy What malfunction allows reflux in GERD?lower esophageal sphincter what is the client teaching for GERD? Low fat high protein diet, take antacids, avoid lying flat after meals What is the virus that causes AIDS? human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) How is HIV transmitted?sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood/ body fluids ( body fluids- semen, breast milk) HIV mother gives birth to baby What are the symptoms of HIV Fever, weight loss, night sweats, diarrhea, fatigue

How is the presence of HIV confirmed?Screening is done FIRST to see if HIV antibodies are present. The test is performed to specifically identify the HIV antibodies What is the screening for AIDS? ELISA What confirms the screening test for HIV Western blot Hos does HIV attack the body? It attacks the immune system by destroying T- lymphocytes The virus also rapidly self=replicates What is so important about T- lymphocytes?T cells help immune system + recognize and fight pathogens What is another name for T- Lymphocytes?CD4 cells Why is the CD4 count important? The lower the CD4 count the more damage the virus has done to the body.What is a normal cd4 count? 500-1500 cells/mm3 What is the normal CD4 count in a client with HIV?Anything at or above 500. Client is considered in good health. If below 500 HIV has progressed to AIDS.If a client's CD4 count is below 200, client is at risk for what?Opportunistic Infections

List some opportunistic Infections -Oral pharyngeal canididal infection (mouth fungus) -Kaposi's sarcoma (skin cancer) -Pneumocystis pneumonia -Cytomegalovirus (blindness) -Meningitis What is the goal of HIV medications?To interfere with the virus replicating The most important medication for HIV/ AIDS is?Zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) Which isolation precautions are used with HIV?Universal precautions, patients do not have to tell you they have HIV, treat everyone as if they are

INFECTED!

How do the precautions change with AIDS?If the client has a low CD4 count and is at risk for opportunistic infection implement private room, reverse isolation, RN wears gown, goggles, and mask when in direct contact with blood or body fluids.What are teaching points for parents who have a child with HIV

clean up body fluid/blood with a 10:1 water/bleach

ratio get all immunizations except MMR, Varicella and oral poliovirus(live vaccines) High Calorie High protein diet gloves when changing diapers.What is the definition of ACUTE

RENAL FAILURE?(ARF)

Sudden loss of kidney function to excrete toxins and regulate fluids/electrolytes What are some possible causes of ARF?Infection, obstruction, shock

What are the three phases of ARF Oliguric, diuretic, recovery During the Oliguric phase what will you see?This phase lasts one to two weeks.Low urine output <400>