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SEMMELWEIS ENTRANCE MEDICINE BIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST
ACTUAL / | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (VERIFIED |
GRADEA+
What is the structure of a virus? - ----Answers---A typical virus is composed of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
What is transformation? - ----Answers---uptake of DNA from environment
What is conjugation? - ----Answers---A process in which 2 organisms exchange genetic material
What are all the parts to the digestive system? - ----Answers- --
How does absorption occur? - ----Answers---diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport
How does absorption work? - ----Answers---- food molecules are absorbed into the blood or the lymph. To be absorbed in the body the molecules need to pass into the capillaries or the villus. Fats absorb into the lymph
- Substances to be absorbed move from the lumen into the
epithelial villi 1 / 3
- Amino acids and monosaccharides move from the villi into
capillaries and monoglycerides move into the lacteals
What are some of the digestive enzymes? - ----Answers---- typsinogen and chymotrypsin (breaks down proteins) -amylase breaks down starches and sugars -lipase breaks down fats
What are the parts of the respiratory system? - ----Answers- --
What are the mechanisms of inhalation and exhalation? - ---- Answers---When you inhale, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward. Through exhalation air leaves the lungs and the diaphragm relaxes
How does the oxygen and CO2 exchange in the lungs occur? - ----Answers---Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. The walls of the alveoli share a membrane with the capillaries in which oxygen and carbon dioxide move freely between the respiratory system and the bloodstream
What are the parts of the excretory system? - ----Answers---
What are the parts of the circulatory system? - ----Answers--
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What is the function of the heart? - ----Answers---The heart is the most powerful muscle in the body, pumping 4,000 gallons of blood a day
What is the structure of the heart? - ----Answers---
What is blood? - ----Answers---fluid connective tissue
What does blood contain? - ----Answers---Nutrients such as glucose, antibodies, carbon dioxide, heat, oxygen, urea and hormones
What are the different cell types? - ----Answers--- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
What is the process of cellular immune response? - ---- Answers---the immune system's third line of defense, involving the attack of pathogens by T cells
What are the three lines of defense? - ----Answers---First line: Natural barriers: Skin and mucous membranes
Second line: Inflammation
Third line: Adaptive (acquired) immunity
How does blood clotting occur? - ----Answers---Clotting seals damaged vessels to prevent pathogenic entry
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