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Sherpath: Diabetes Mellitus
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36 terms suzetteg13Preview Sherpa 25 terms suz A child has been diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and the parent asks the nurse what this means. What is the best response by the nurse?"The child is at risk of DKA because of low blood sugar." "You do not have to worry about hypoglycemia with your child." "It is normal to have a variation in the blood glucose level, but now the sugar will be maintained at an elevated level." "In the absence of insulin, the child is unable to metabolize fats, proteins, and carbohydrates and use them for energy." "In the absence of insulin, the child is unable to metabolize fats, proteins, and carbohydrates and use them for energy." A parent calls the nurse line, reporting that the child with diabetes is nauseated and vomiting. What is the priority statement the nurse will include in the instructions to the parent?"Hold the regular dose of insulin." "Allow the child to decide what to eat." "Test the blood glucose level frequently." "Encourage active engagement in activities." "Test the blood glucose level frequently."
The nurse is providing nutrition education to a patient newly diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. The patient states, "I should have a glass of orange juice with a teaspoon of sugar if I feel lightheaded, cool, and clammy mid-morning." Which statement is the best response by the nurse?"No, 4 oz. of 100% orange juice will not have an immediate effect." "Yes, 4 oz. of 100% orange juice will quickly help to treat hypoglycemia." "Yes, 4 oz. of 100% orange juice is needed for long-term maintenance of blood glucose." "No, 4 oz. of 100% orange juice has too much sugar, a snack of cottage cheese and 7 whole grain crackers is a better option." "Yes, 4 oz. of 100% orange juice will quickly help to treat hypoglycemia." A diabetic patient arrives at the ER with tachycardia, diaphoresis, and unresponsive to voice. Which intervention is the priority action?Administer 50% dextrose IV per protocol Administer oxygen 2 L per nasal cannula Administer prescribed insulin subcutaneous (SQ) Administer naloxone hydrochloride (narcan) per protocol Administer 50% dextrose IV per protocol A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of DKA. What signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to find in the patient? Select all that apply.Slow heart rate Mild disorientation Cool and clammy skin Constantly feeling tired Rapid, shallow respirations Mild disorientation Constantly feeling tired The patient is managed with NPH and regular insulin before breakfast, lunch, and dinner. When is the patient most likely to experience a hypoglycemic reaction?Never Mid-day Before lunch Before breakfast Before lunch
The adolescent patient and parent have completed diabetic education. Which statements by the parent would indicate an understanding of the goals of insulin therapy for diabetic management? Select all that apply."Insulin replenishes the insulin-producing cells, the beta cells." "Insulin decreases insulin resistance and improves insulin sensitivity." "We will schedule the insulin to correspond to the child's usual meal times." "Insulin is used to balance blood glucose, independent of food intake and physical activity." "Insulin replaces the insulin the child is no longer able to make in an acceptable physiologic pattern." "We will schedule the insulin to correspond to the child's usual meal times." "Insulin replaces the insulin the child is no longer able to make in an acceptable physiologic pattern." A child is using regular insulin according to blood glucose monitoring results. At 2 pm, the child has a blood glucose of 185 mg/dl, for which the patient received 8 units of regular insulin. The nurse should expect the dose's onset and peak to be at which times?Onset 2:15 pm and peak 4:00-5:00 pm Onset 2:15:00 pm and peak 2:30-3:30 pm Onset 2:30-3:00 pm and peak 4:00-5:00 pm Onset 2:30-3:00 pm and peak 10:00-11:00 pm Onset 2:30-3:00 pm and peak 4:00-5:00 pm The diabetes educator is meeting with a group of parents to discuss diabetes mellitus management. Many parents have questions about the role of the child. Together the diabetes educator and parents discuss ways to improve adherence with medication administration. The diabetes educator evaluates that learning has occurred when one parent makes which statements?"I can have my toddler take part in insulin administration by having them push the plunger on the insulin syringe"."My seventeen-year-old is focused on sports. She understands the need to independently manage her blood sugars to be able to be with her team for every game"."My school-age child is reluctant to take part in after-school activities. Having her bring pre-filled insulin syringes to activities and do the injections as scheduled may encourage her to participate"."My fourteen-year-old daughter is so influenced by her peers. If I get her best friend to talk to her about diabetes and insulin control, I know that she will adhere to the plan of checking blood sugars"."My seventeen-year-old is focused on sports. She understands the need to independently manage her blood sugars to be able to be with her team for every game".
A pre-school child newly diagnosed with Type 1 DM and parent meet with the nurse. Which statement best explains why play therapy can be effective in dealing with diabetes mellitus when meeting with the patient?"Play therapy with other children helps the child act out frustration." "Play therapy is appropriate for this age for normal development." "Play therapy with dolls and diabetes equipment helps the child express concerns regarding injections and finger sticks." "Play therapy with age-appropriate toys can distract the child from thinking about the need for insulin and special diet." "Play therapy with dolls and diabetes equipment helps the child express concerns regarding injections and finger sticks." The nurse is meeting with an early school-age patient and parent to discuss management of the patient's Type 1 DM. The nurse understands that further teaching is needed when the parent makes which statement about the child's ability to participate in care?"My school-age child is involved in after-school sports. I need to be sure to pack an extra snack to prevent hypoglycemia." "A school nurse can help with testing blood sugars and draw up the appropriate dose of insulin. My child is not yet able to give herself injections." "Since my child is at school most of the day, she and I developed a diabetic management plan and presented it to her home room teacher." "My school-age child is not able to take part in diabetic management tasks yet. I check my child's blood glucose before and after school and give insulin as needed at those times." "My school-age child is not able to take part in diabetic management tasks yet. I check my child's blood glucose before and after school and give insulin as needed at those times." The nurse has taught a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus about the clinical manifestations and evaluates that learning has occurred if the patient makes which statement?"I can expect that my blood sugars will increase when I am sick or under stress." "If I follow the diabetic diet, I will be able to control my symptoms of both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia." "This darkening of the skin on the back of my neck is a result of high blood sugars and is nothing to worry about." "I understand that yeast infection, frequent urination, and high levels of energy are common in the diabetic patient." "I can expect that my blood sugars will increase when I am sick or under stress." Which patient is at highest risk to develop Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?10-year-old Caucasian child whose father has Type 1 diabetes mellitus 5'10" 200 lb 18-year-old male taking atenolol daily, who walks 2 miles a day Overweight 16-year-old African American woman taking diphenhydramine daily 1-year-old Asian American female whose parents have Type 2 diabetes mellitus, taking one atorvastatin daily 1-year-old Asian American female whose parents have Type 2 diabetes mellitus, taking one atorvastatin daily
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