WGU C215 Operations Management

WGU C215 Operations Management Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (375) Science Engineering Mechanical Engineering Save intro to 3d modeling & cadd 15 terms w69mfnvhypPreview Airframe Fire Protection Oral Questi...17 terms Mattgriffin517 Preview SOG 404 - Pump Testing 17 terms ashley_renee_welch Preview Written 77 terms car appraisal costsCosts incurred in the process of uncovering defects BenchmarkingStudying the business practices of other companies for purposes of comparison Cause-and-effect diagramsA chart that identifies potential causes of particular quality problems.ChecklistA list of common defects and the number of observed occurrences of these defects Conformance to specificationsHow well a product o service meets the targets and tolerances determined by this designers continuous improvementA philosophy of never-ending improvement.Control chartsCharts used to evaluate whether a process is operating within set expectations.Customer-defined qualityan integrated effort designed to improve quality performance at every level of the organization Deming PrizeA Japanese award given to companies to recognize efforts in quality improvement.external failure costscosts associated with quality problems that occur at the customer site Fitness for useA definition of quality that evaluates how well the product performs for its intended use.

FlowchartA schematic of the sequence of steps involved in an operation or process HistogramA chart that shows the frequency distribution of observed values of a variable Internal failure costscosts associated with discovering poor product quality before the product reaches the customer ISO 14000A set of international standards and a certification focusing on a company's environmental responsibility ISO 9000A set of international quality standards and a certification demonstrating that companies have met all the standards specified.KaizenA Japanese term that describes the notion of a company continually striving to be better through learning and problem solving Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Awardan award given annually to companies that demonstrate quality excellence and establish best practice standards in industry Pareto AnalysisA technique used to identify quality problems based on their degree of importance.Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycleA diagram that describes the activities that need to be performed to incorporate continuous improvement into the operation Prevention CostsCosts incurred in the process of preventing poor quality from occuring Psychological criteriaA way of defining quality that focuses on judgmental evaluations of what constitutes product or service excellence Quality at the sourceThe belief that it is best to uncover the source of quality problems and eliminate it quality circlesA team of volunteer production employees and their supervisors who meet regularly to solve quality problems Quality Function Deployment (QFD)A tool used to translate the preferences of the customer into specific technical requirements ReliabilityThe probability that a product, service, or part will perform as intended Robust designA design that results in a product that can perform over a wide range of conditions scatter diagramGraphs that show how two variables are related to each other Support servicesQuality defined in terms of the support provided after the product or service is purchased

Taguchi loss functionCosts of quality increase as a quadratic function as conformance values move away from the target Total quality management (TQM)The meaning of quality as defined by the customer Value for price paidQuality defined in terms of product or service usefulness for the price paid Acceptable Quality Level (AQL)The small percentage of defects that consumers are willing to accept.Acceptance SamplingThe process of randomly inspecting a sample of goods and deciding whether to accept the entire lot based on the results.assignable causes of variationCauses that can be identified and eliminated.AttributesA product characteristic that has a discrete value and can be counted.Average outgoing quality (AOQ)The expected proportion of defective items that will be passed to the customer under the sampling plan c-chartControl chart used to monitor the number of defects per unit CommonRandom causes that cannot be identified Consumer's riskThe chance of accepting a lot that contains a greater number of defects than the LTPD limit.Control ChartA graph that shows whether a sample of data falls within the common or normal range of variation.descriptive statisticsStatistics used to describe quality characteristics and relationships Lot tolerance percent defective (LTPD)The upper limit of the percentage of defective items consumers are willing to tolerate MeanA statistic that measures the central tendency of a set of data Operating characteristic (OC) curveA graph that shows the probability or chance of accepting a lot given various proportions of defects in the lot Out of controlThe situation in which a plot of data falls outside preset control limits P-chartsA control chart that monitors the proportion of defects in a sample Process capabilityThe ability of a production process to meet or exceed preset specifications Process capability indexAn index used to measure process capability Producer's riskThe chance that a lot containing an acceptable quality level will be rejected

Product specificationsPreset ranges of acceptable quality characteristics RangeThe difference between the largest and smallest observations in a set of data Range (A control chart that monitors changes in the dispersion or variability of a process Sampling planA plan for acceptance sampling that precisely specifies the parameters of the sampling process and the acceptance/rejection criteria.Six SigmaA high level of quality associated with approximately 3.4 defective parts per million standard deviationA statistic that measures the amount of data dispersion around the mean Statistical Process Control (SPC)A statistical tool that involves inspecting a random sample of the output from a process and deciding whether the process is producing products with characteristics that fall within a predetermined range.Statistical Quality Control (SQC)The general category of statistical tools used to evaluate organizational quality.VariablesA product characteristic that can be measured and has a continuum of values (e.g., height, weight, or volume) X-bar chartA control chart used to monitor changes in the mean value of a process best operating levelThe volume of output that results in the lowest average until cost Break-even analysisA technique used to compute the amount of goods a company would need to sell to cover its costs.capacityThe maximum output rate that can be achieved by a facility capacity cushionAdditional capacity added to regular capacity requirements to provide greater flexibility.Capacity Planningthe process of establishing the output rate that can be achieved by a facility capacity utilizationPercentage measure of how well available capacity is being used.decision treeModeling tool used to evaluate independent decisions that must be made in sequence.Design CapacityThe maximum output rate that can be achieved by a facility under ideal conditions.diseconomies of scaleA condition in which the cost of each additional unit made increases.economies of scaleA condition in which the average cost of a unit produced is reduced as the amount of output is increased