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WGU D027 Objective Assessment Study Guide ( 2023/ 2024 Update) Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Questions and Answers
Q: What are symptoms of left sided heart failure?
Answer:
Think PULMONARY. JVD, FVO, rails, S3 murmurs. Number one cause of right sided heart failure!
Q: What are symptoms of right sided heart failure?
Answer:
Think peripheral vascular. Lower extremity edema, abdominal distension.
Q: What is the gold standard lab test for heart failure?
Answer:
BNP. Heart failure is a result greater than 100
Q: What heart disease is worse with exertion?
Answer:
Ischemic heart disease because the demand requirements are higher.
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Q: What should you assess before giving Digoxin?
Answer:
Apical pulse
Q: How should Warfarin be started?
Answer:
Start initial dose at half to monitor the effects
Q: What causes the destruction of alveolar walls? Air goes in but can't get out which leads to hyperinflation
Answer:
Emphysema
Q: What causes excess mucus production and smooth muscle hypertrophy?
Answer:
Bronchitis
Q: What is a chronic inflammatory obstruction of bronchi?
Answer:
Asthma, Triggers cause mucus to clog bronchial tubes.
Q: What causes an overbite and buffalo hump?
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Answer:
Endocrine disorder called acromegaly (overproduction of growth hormone)
Q: What causes Addison's disease?
Answer:
Decreased glucocorticoid (due to autoimmune destruction of adrenal cortex)
Q: What causes Cushing's syndrome?
Answer:
excess cortisol
Q: What causes Grave's disease?
Answer:
overproduction of thyroid hormone. HYPERthyroidism.
Q: When should you instruct the patient to take their FIRST dose of antihypertensive?
Answer:
At night to avoid orthostatic hypotension. Educate slow position changes and lay down if needed.
Q: What are side effects of ACE inhibitors?
Answer:
dry cough angioedema hyperkalemia
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