WGUl D334l Objectivel Assessmentl Latestl

WGUl D334l Objectivel Assessmentl (Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l Introductionl tol Cryptographyl Guidel |100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A

Q:l Caesarl Cipher

Answer:

Mono-alphabeticl substitutionl cipherl involvingl shiftingl plaintextl lettersl byl al fixedl numberl ofl positions.

Q:l Vigenerel Cipher

Answer:

Polyalphabeticl cipherl usingl al differentl mappingl basedl onl al keywordl forl eachl character.

Q:l Onel Timel Pad

Answer:

Cipherl codel mappingl usedl onlyl once,l consideredl unbreakable.

Q:l Four-squarel Cipher

Answer:

Cipherl usingl fourl 5x5l matricesl forl encodingl andl decodingl operationsl wherel eachl matrixl containsl 25l lettersl forl encodingl andl decodingl operations.

Q:l Enigmal Machine

Answer:

Usedl al polyalphabeticl substitutionl cipherl withl al secretl key.

Q:l Binaryl Math

Answer:

Understandingl combinationsl ofl binaryl digitsl tol producel al binaryl '1'.

Q:l Modulusl Operatorl Math 1 / 4

Answer:

Dividingl thel firstl numberl byl thel secondl andl returningl thel remainder,l annotatedl usingl 'mod'l orl '%'.l Example:l 5l modl 2l =l 1l [2l goesl intol 5l al maxl ofl twicel (4),l 5-4l =l thel remainderl whichl isl 1]

Q:l Combinationl vsl Permutation

Answer:

Combinationsl arel notl concernedl withl order,l whilel permutationsl considerl alll optionsl includingl sequence.

Q:l Primel number

Answer:

Numberl withl factorsl ofl 1l andl itselfl only,l usedl inl keyl exchangel andl publicl keyl encryption.

Q:l AND

Answer:

Withl AND,l bothl thel firstl andl secondl numbersl youl arel ANDingl mustl bel 1l forl thel answerl tol bel 1.l Anythingl elsel =l 0

Q:l OR

Answer:

Withl OR,l ifl onel orl bothl ofl thel numbersl youl arel ORingl isl arel 1,l yourl answerl willl bel 1.l Anythingl elsel =l 0

Q:l XOR

Answer:

Withl XORl ⊕,l onel butl notl bothl ofl thel numbersl youl arel XORingl mustl bel 1l forl yourl answerl tol bel 1.l Anythingl elsel =l 0

Q:l Dependent

Answer:

wherel thel outcomel ofl thel firstl eventl affectsl thel probabilityl ofl thel secondl event

Q:l Independent 2 / 4

Answer:

Twol eventsl arel independentl ifl thel occurrencel ofl onel eventl doesl notl affectl thel chancesl ofl thel occurrencel ofl thel otherl event.

Q:l Mutuallyl Exclusive

Answer:

Whenl onel eventl takesl place,l thel probabilityl ofl thel otherl eventl occurringl isl zero

Q:l Littlel Endian

Answer:

Leastl significantl bytesl first

Q:l Bigl Endian

Answer:

Al CPUl orl memoryl architecturel inl whichl thel mostl significantl bytel isl storedl atl thel lowestl memoryl address.

Q:l Cyclicl Redundancyl Checkl (CRC)

Answer:

Al mathematicall algorithml thatl isl executedl onl al datal stringl byl bothl thel senderl andl thel receiverl ofl thel datal string.l Ifl thel calculatedl CRCl valuesl match,l thel receiverl canl concludel thatl thel datal stringl wasl notl corruptedl duringl transmission.

Q:l ASCIIl mapping

Answer:

thel processl ofl assigningl al printablel letterl inl ourl alphabetl al uniquel number.

Q:l GCD

Answer:

largestl positivel integerl thatl dividesl intol twol numbersl withoutl al remainder.

Q:l Homophonicl substitutionl code

Answer:

aimsl tol overcomel thel easel atl whichl letterl andl symboll probabilityl inl ciphertextl canl bel analyzed,l byl varyingl thel numberl ofl codesl mappedl tol eachl character

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Q:l Kasiski

Answer:

publishedl thel firstl successfull attackl againstl theVigenèrel cipherl inl 1863

Q:l Kerckhoff'sl Principle

Answer:

al fundamentall conceptl inl cryptography.l Itl statesl thatl thel securityl ofl al cryptographicl systeml shouldn'tl relyl onl thel secrecyl ofl thel algorithm.l Instead,l itl shouldl bel basedl onl thel secrecyl ofl thel cryptographicl key.l Al goodl cryptographicl systeml shouldl remainl securel evenl ifl thel algorithml usedl isl known

Q:l Fractionedl Morsel Cipher

Answer:

Fractionatedl Morsel Cipherl isl al polygraphicl substitutionl cipher,l meaningl itl replacesl plaintextl withl al differentl setl ofl symbolsl orl letters

Q:l CFBl (Cipherl Feedback)

Answer:

Convertsl thel blockl cipherl intol al self-synchronizingl streaml cipher.l Currentl blockl takesl outputl ofl thel XORl ⊕l processl ratherl thanl froml thel cipherl stagel ofl thel previousl blockl (differencel betweenl CFBl andl OFB).l Allowsl thel blockl cipherl tol operatel likel al streaml cipher.

Q:l OFBl (Outputl Feedback)

Answer:

Makesl al blockl cipherl intol al synchronousl streaml cipher.l Itl generatesl keystreaml blocks,l whichl arel thenl XORedl withl thel plaintextl blocksl tol getl thel ciphertext.l Justl asl withl otherl streaml ciphers,l flippingl al bitl inl thel ciphertextl producesl al flippedl bitl inl thel plaintextl atl thel samel location.l Allowsl thel blockl cipherl tol operatel likel al streaml cipher.

Q:l CTRl (Counterl Mode)

Answer:

Al popularl AESl blockl cipherl model inl whichl everyl stepl canl bel donel inl parallell asl eachl blockl isl processedl independently.l Convertsl thel blockl cipherl intol al streaml cipher.l Generatesl al counterl valuel andl al noncel thatl arel encryptedl tol EX-ORl withl thel plain-textl block.

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